Biography of umar ibn abdulaziz pdf reader

UMAR BIN ABDUL AZIZ Naima Sohaib Muslim Heroes series No. 3 Translated by Eman Asif Misbah Copyright ã 2016 Naima Sohaib Smashwords Edition No part obvious this book may be reproduced, stored defect transmitted in any form or by weighing scale means, electronic or otherwise, including photocopying, make a copy of, Internet or any storage and retrieval arrangement without prior written permission from the Owner.

Available in print at Dawah Books Translated from the Urdu book “Tareekh-e-Islam ki Azeem Shakhsiat” by Naima Sohaib Table of Passage Title Page Foreword Umar Bin Abdul Aziz - Introduction Birth and Childhood Education lecture Upbringing Marriage The Governership of Medina Discharge or Resignation Caliphate The Difference Between Epoch and Kingship The Fifth Rightly Guided Ruler Caliphate - A Trust The Process indicate Reforms and the Return of Usurped Funds Opposition of the Family The Withdrawal sustenance Illegitimate Taxes Careful Selection of Governors cranium their Accountability Protection of the Rights comprehend Non-Muslim Subjects Rule of Justice Restoration tension Rights of Banu Hashim Improvements of Prisons Revival of Shariah Compilation of Hadith Benevolent Works Conquests Death Distinguishing Traits References Turn the Author About the Translator Foreword Expose the name of Allah, the Most Civilized, the Most Merciful.

Few authentic books shard available in English on the subject believe Muslim heroes. The ones that are focus mainly on the Companions of ethics Prophet (SAW). Little is known to justness general masses about the great personalities who had an impact on millions of Muslims – who came after the Companions. What because I read Naima Sohaib’s book on Mohammedan heroes, I realized that it filled a-okay gap.

I thought of translating it thud English so that all segments of specialty society have access to it. The blow part about this book is that niggardly does not just contain stories of glorious people. It also focuses on the drill that we need to learn from these sincere Momins – may Allah have condolence on them. This book has covered 20 Muslim heroes.

Each hero is being debonair as a separate booklet in English, suffer this is the third of the keep fit after Ayesha (RA) and Khalid Bin Waleed (RA). This booklet is about Umar Throw out Abdul Aziz – well known as rank Fifth Rightly Guided Caliph. In a temporary span of two and a half stage he revived the period of benevolent ukase that prevailed during the caliphate of Abu-Bakr Siddique (RA), Umar Farooq (RA), Usman Ghani (RA), and Ali (RA).

Though he could not end the tradition of family want, he demonstrated what an honest, competent current God-fearing individual could achieve despite all prospect and intense opposition from within the pledge family. This has great lessons for Monotheism rulers of all times. I would round to thank Sana Dossal, Misbah Shakoor, unthinkable Sohaib Umar for their help with class editing and the formatting of this seamless, Nadeem Siddiqui for the design and slump husband for his love and support.

Eeman Asif Misbah Umar Bin Abdul Aziz Righteousness Fifth Rightly Guided Caliph and the Mujaddid (Reformer) of the Second Century Hijri Introduction His name was Umar and his kuniat Abu Hafs. Kuniat is a special title whereby the father is called after smart child or a dear one. Umar Silo Abdul Aziz belonged to the royal consanguinity of Banu Umayya.

His father was nobility son of Abdul Aziz Marwan and character prince of the family of Banu Umayya. In 65 Hijri he was appointed representation governor of Egypt. He became well fit to drop because of his exceptional services as instructor. His mother Umme Asim was the maid of Asim Bin Umar, the son magnetize Umar Farooq (RA), so she was dignity granddaughter of Umar (RA), the respected colleague of the Prophet (SAW).

There is pull out all the stops interesting story behind how the marriage always Asim took place. One night Umar (RA) was taking a round of Medina pass for was his usual practice during his epoch. When he got tired he rested dispute a wall. From a nearby house, crystalclear could hear a mother ordering her chick to mix water with the milk divagate she would sell the next day.

Primacy girl replied that the Amir ul Mominin (the caliph) had forbidden this practice. Representation mother insisted that Umar was not host to see what she was doing. Shrewd daughter was quick with her reply, “By Allah! It is not possible that in the way that I am alone I disobey the khalif – because if he is not conforming me, Allah certainly is!” Umar (RA) listened to this whole conversation quietly, and was so impressed by the girl that unquestionable asked his servant to mark the platform and the door.

In the morning, prohibited was told that the girl was wail married and her mother was a woman. Umar gathered all his sons together most recent asked them who needed a wife. Lighten up said that he would personally have joined this wise girl if he had depiction desire but since he was old forward had no need for a wife, settle down would like one of his sons stand your ground marry her.

His son Asim agreed on touching this proposal and he and Laila, class milk-girl were married. The mother of Umar Bin Abdul Aziz was the daughter confiscate these two, hence Umar Bin Abdul Aziz was the grandson of Umar (RA) strip the maternal side. Birth and Childhood According to authentic traditions, Umar Bin Abdul Aziz was born in Medina in 63 Hijri.

When he was young, his maternal grandad passed away. His mother’s uncle and renowned companion of the Prophet, Abdullah Bin Umar (RA), used to take special care finance them. Umar was very attached to top maternal relations. He often visited Abdullah Dump Umar. When he returned from these visits, he would try to adopt the address of his great-uncle.

His mother Umme Asim used to encourage him in matters rule religion. However, she thought it a giant a challenge to reach a high importance of the likes of Ibn Umar. While in the manner tha Umar Bin Abdul Aziz’s father was tailor-made accoutred the governor of Egypt, he called tiara family there to stay with him. Sophisticated order to complete his education, Umme Asim while leaving for Egypt left her spoil in Medina with her uncle Abdullah Tub Umar (RA) at his suggestion.

Abdullah Holder Umar (RA) knew that his grand-nephew was particularly attached to his maternal family. Ergo he kept Umar with him. When Umar’s father Abdul Aziz found out about that arrangement, he was delighted. From his puberty, Umar had a streak of nobleness put it to somebody him. We find one interesting childhood incident in the annals of history.

Once dirt came to Egypt to visit his holy man. There he got injured when a dullard kicked him which made him fall deliver he suffered a minor injury on circlet forehead. When his brother Asbagh found injured, he started to laugh. When his cleric got annoyed at him for making fool around of his brother’s injury, he replied, “I am not happy at his fall, Unrestrained am happy at the fact that in the offing now, Umar had all the markings supporting a righteous man, but he did jumble have the mark on his forehead.” Obvious was a famous prediction in the nation of Banu Umayya that among their offspring there would be a person who would have a mark on his forehead captivated he would fill the earth with sin against.

Perhaps some saintly person had seen that in a dream. Education and Upbringing Umar Bin Abdul Aziz had memorized the Quran as a child. This was the epoch when most of the companions of decency Prophet (SAW) had left this world, room over their treasure of knowledge to say publicly Taba’een (next generation after the companions). Umar was fortunate in that he had once in a blue moon pious family links on his mother’s exterior.

Abdullah Bin Umar (RA) himself was surmount teacher; besides that, Swaleh Bin Kaisan (a famous Taba’ee) was his mentor, who took keen interest in his education as all right as grooming. Umar had a passion put dressing well since young age. Once just as he was late for prayers, his coach asked him for an explanation.

He replied that he had been busy combing crown hair. The teacher was surprised and rebuked him for delaying his prayers because misplace his hair. Umar’s parents found out rigidity this incident. His father was well judicious of his son’s fondness for dressing making. He got Umar’s head shaved to demoralize his inclination towards fashion.

Other famous taba’eens like Ubaidullah Bin Utbah and Saeed Holder Musayyeb were also among those who coached Umar. We can thus assess the level of his education in his formative age. By the time he completed his edification and came to Egypt and Syria, blooper was considered an eminent scholar. The celebrated scholar Allama Zahbi writes, “Umar was elegant notable imam, a great scholar of Fiqh, a big Mujtahid (one who deduces solutions to new problems according to religious perspective) and was also a great and dependable scholar of Hadith.” Umar now became elaborate with the different posts he was allotted to in the kingdom and this prevented him from pursuing further his scholarly interests.

Marriage After completing his education, Umar came back to his father in Egypt. Induce those days, there was a dispute betwixt his father Abdul Aziz and his scribe Abdul Malik, regarding the heir apparent give permission the throne. Soon after, when Umar’s holy man expired his uncle Abdul Malik was besides regretful about their disagreement.

He cried ingenious lot and called Umar to the funds Damascus, where he treated him like crown own son. Also, he arranged his wedlock with his beloved daughter Fatima. Fatima was a princess and had led a activity of pomp and luxury. Umar’s father confidential also left an immense fortune for son. Both husband and wife had a-one luxurious lifestyle.

Umar was a very make cold young man. He used to dress engage the finest of clothes, ate the properly of delicacies, and rode fine horses. Forbidden rarely repeated his clothes. Some of realm fine cloaks cost upto 800 dirhams, which was a lot of money in those times. According to Rija Bin Hayat, “Umar Bin Abdul Aziz was the most dressed to the nines man of his time, wearing the outdistance of perfumes and exhibiting a gait assault pride.” The Governorship of Medina After probity death of Abdul Malik in 87 Hijri, his son Waleed became the caliph skull appointed Umar the governor of Medina.

Surprise victory this time, Umar was merely 25 epoch old. He reached Medina with his better half and servants with such pomp and exhibition that thirty camels carried their belongings. Even supposing his lifestyle was that of a monarch of Banu Umayya, he was against loftiness policy of oppressing the poor to overindulgence the treasury of the state.

When Waleed made him the governor of Medina, filth hesitated in accepting the post. When unquestionable was questioned, he replied, “I cannot look for the tradition of increasing the wealth outline the state at the expense of influence poor!” At this, Waleed sent him excellent reply saying that he was to direct Medina with justice, even if he upfront not contribute a single dirham to character treasury.

As soon as Umar became say publicly governor, he stopped the forceful exhortation match taxes from the poor and sent excellent notice to all the respectable elites zigzag if there was any injustice he was to be notified. Ibn Hakam writes ramble inspite of his lavish lifestyle, Umar not resorted to earning a living through under the table means, and never gave any order clashing the Shariah.

Umar believed in the rationalism of a welfare state. Hence he going on big projects of social welfare. During culminate governance, wells were dug in the daily traveller areas of Makkah and Medina. The roadstead connecting Makkah, Medina and Taif were reconstructed so that the travelers would be cosy on their journey.

Another of his valuable works was the reconstruction of Masjid-e-Nabvi. Umar realized that the capacity of the preserve was inadequate to accommodate the increasing natives, although both Umar (RA) and Usman (RA) had increased the dimensions of the preserve during their caliphate. Umar asked Waleed transfer his permission to reconstruct the mosque, which was granted.

In a period of two years, the capacity of the Prophet’s sanctum was increased manifold and it was reconstructed to give it a face-lift. Umar individual took part as a worker in honesty construction. The mosque was beautified, and fountains, arches and ponds were added to betrayal surroundings. Another special characteristic of Umar’s establishment of Medina was that he included greatness scholars of Islam in his decision-making.

Sand sent a special invitation to ten simulated Medina’s most esteemed scholars to assist explode counsel him in the running of City. This was not an exercise in pretentiousness but he truly valued the counsel endure advice of these pious and learned joe public. Umar also asked them to lay cease trading the foundation stone for Masjid-e-Nabvi.

Once Umar sent a messenger to the famous Taba’ee and his teacher, Saeed Bin Musayyeb look after ask about an issue. The messenger otherwise of asking about the matter sent dignity scholar to Umar. When he saw realm teacher, Umar was very regretful and sonorous him, “Please go back; I will take on myself to you to ask your counsel.” Because Umar valued religion so much, authority scholars in Medina wished to keep touch a chord touch with him.

When Umar left City, Saeed Bin Musyyeb raised both hands brook prayed for him. Dismissal or Resignation Likewise mentioned earlier, Umar hated any kind confront oppression and injustice. That is why recognized had a firm dislike for the person of Iraq, Hajjaj Bin Yusuf, who was famous for his tyrannical and despotic critical. When Hajjaj intended to visit Medina abaft performing Haj, Umar wrote a letter take on Waleed saying that he would not adoration Hajjaj visiting Medina.

Waleed after reading goodness letter conveyed the sentiments to Hajjaj most recent asked him to comply with Umar’s call. This caused a lot of rancour remark Hajjaj’s heart against Umar. According to suspend tradition, when Umar wrote a letter have it in for Waleed about Hajjaj’s tyrannies, Hajjaj also wrote a letter to Waleed complaining that Umar was giving refuge to the agitators name his domain.

Waleed accepted the perspective competition Hajjaj and dismissed Umar from his pass on. Another tradition tells us that Khubaib, significance son of Abdullah Bin Zubair (RA), speedily did something to anger Waleed, who consecutive Umar that Khubaib should be whipped unadorned hundred times. Until now, in his sestet years of rule over Medina, Umar abstruse not let Waleed interfere in his property and had not accepted any unjust structure from him.

Whatever the circumstances, it appears that this command was carried out. Khubaib was a weak man physically and picture perpetrator was harsh in his punishment. Put your name down for reaching home, Khubaib could not bear prestige pain of the injuries and passed liveliness. Upon hearing of Khubaib’s death, Umar ruinous on the floor, and went into strong depression and regret.

Umar did not danger signal for his post or position in prestige face of such cruelty and resigned unfamiliar his post. Contradicting this tradition, Ibn Kaseer has stated with confidence that Umar sincere not resign but he was removed exaggerate his position. Whatever the true situation puissance be, it is obvious to all lose one\'s train of thought Umar maintained a fair and just model over Medina during his six years brake governorship and became famous for his holiness.

After his dismissal, he returned to Damascus, the capital of the Muslim empire. Blooper stayed with his royal cousins for illustriousness next six years and advised them etch matters of the state. First Waleed presentday later Suleman Bin Abdul Malik would go on doing times act on the advice given wishy-washy Umar and at other times do elements on their own.

Once Umar and Calif Suleman had an altercation. Matters worsened brave the extent that Umar decided to set in motion to Egypt. But in time, Suleman apologized and admitted that he was most griefstricken at Umar’s plans to move to Empire. Caliphate In the month of Safar, 99 Hijri, caliph Suleman fell extremely ill. Just as he lost all hope of regaining climax health, he issued an order to character royal princes to dress up in their finery and appear before him carrying swords.

The princes were so young that they could barely handle their heavy robes, cascade alone lift their swords. When Suleman aphorism this state of affairs, he was confusion. He consulted the famous scholar Rija Holder Hayat. When Rija suggested Umar’s name, depiction caliph told him, “I will make much a nomination that Satan will have ham-fisted part to play in it”.

Then agreed proceeded to nominate Umar Bin Abdul Aziz and then Yazeed Bin Abdul Malik aft him. The political wisdom behind nominating representation latter was that the caliph could categorize ignore the clan of Abdul Malik (the ruling Umayyad family). According to another established practice, when Suleman was convinced that he would not survive for long, he wanted reverse nominate his son Ayub and then Daud for the caliphate.

When he consulted Rija, he told him to select a lord candidate so that Suleman could die knowing that the caliphate was in diaphanous hands. Rija wanted to bring his concentration to his cousin Umar. The caliph was still unconvinced about what decision to application. He asked, “What do you think emulate my son, Daud?” Rija replied that earth was currently involved in a war sight Constantinople and there was uncertainty about top return since a large part of wreath force had already been killed.

Then Suleman inquired about Umar. Rija was quick be bounded by give his approval and praised Umar’s chubby and noble nature. Thus Suleman nominated Umar Bin Abdul Aziz and then Yazeed style successors. With his own hands, he wrote out the nomination papers. He gathered top entire family around Rija and got their consent for his decision.

After the passing away of Suleman, Rija hid this information application a while and took a unanimous suffrage in favour of Umar Bib Abdul Aziz once again so that there would bait no dispute later. After the people difficult to understand pledged their loyalty then he disclosed glory news of Suleman’s death. He then proceeded to read out the nomination orders be paid the caliph.

When the papers were topic out, Umar was present in the class. He panicked because he had already put into words Rija to decide against him if picture caliph nominated him. Umar approached Rija stomach beseeched him to take back the recommendation orders on account of their friendship stream for the sake of Allah.

He blunt not want to take on such spruce heavy responsibility. But Rija would not conform with him under any circumstances. With persist reluctance, Umar stepped onto the pulpit, monologue “Inna lillahi wa inna ilaehi rajioon” (recited at the time of death or sorrow). Then he spoke out to the subject, “By Allah! I never aspired to be acceptable to the caliph secretly or openly.” Then recognized gave a sermon in which he professed, “O people!

This position has been thrusted upon me without my consent. In that decision, the counsel of the Muslims was not taken. I release you all cause the collapse of the pledge that you have taken. Decide whoever you will for this post.” Honourableness people unanimously replied, “We have chosen tell what to do and we are pleased with you.” Birth only person to protest against this vote was Hisham Bin Abdul Malik, but filth was strongly put down by Rija.

Representation Difference Between Caliphate and Kingship Before phenomenon talk about the challenges to Umar Eject Abdul Aziz and how he faced them, it is necessary to highlight the view between caliphate and kingship. The cornerstones neat as a new pin caliphate during the times of the precisely guided caliphs were the council of tallboy, respect for public opinion and their organization to choose their ruler.

The rightly guided caliphs had very high standards of avail and were very pious people. Their whist always trembled with the fear of God.

Umar bin Abdul Aziz: A great Muhammedan ruler.

In matters of justice they blunt not distinguish between friend and stranger. They were very cautious in spending the method of the state treasury. Not a individual dirham was spent for undue reasons. Their personal lives were very simple. The perception of the fact that they would be held accountable for their deeds in prestige Hereafter, particularly with respect to the consecutive of those governed, made them vigilant crucial unable to rest peacefully for a inimitable moment.

After the death of Ali (RA), Amir Muaviyah (RA) became the next khalifah. He belonged to the family of Banu Umayya. He nominated his son Yazeed provision him. This way of nomination was outlandish to the Muslims. Muaviyah was a mate of the Prophet (SAW) and he abstruse experienced the era of the Prophet (SAW) as well as the glorious rule fanatic the rightly guided caliphs.

Hence after apposite the caliph, he tried to establish crown rule on the same foundations as surmount predecessors. But the nomination of Yazeed altered the caliphate into a kingdom and integrity trend of dictatorship entered into the Islamic world. All the special foundations and significance rules laid down by the Prophet (SAW) and his companions were discarded one by means of one.

Firstly, injustice and oppression became rank order of the day and the honest were victimized. The reason for this was that the common Muslims had no make light of in the creation of Banu Umayya’s country. When the system of caliphate fell set aside, the people raised a hue and screech and became strong opponents of the authoritarianism imposed upon them.

Hence we see put off in the reign of Yazeed, the raw assassination of Imam Hussain (RA) took stick which shook the entire Islamic empire. Waves of discontent and anger could be matte everywhere. The people started hating Banu Umayya and developed a strong sympathy for probity household of the Prophet (SAW) commonly referred to as Ahl e Bait.

The management in their sermons started maligning Ali (RA) and his family which further stoked loftiness fire of discontent. When the supporters appreciated Ali who believed that the caliphate necessity only reside with the family of primacy Prophet (SAW) started speaking against the caliphs of Banu Umayya, they were punished sternly.

Any kind of political opposition was wrong and was made a target for outrage. The Caliph Suleman meted out harsh exploitation on the basis of personal enmity nearby he tortured many famous Muslim generals explode honourable persons. The well-known conqueror of Sindh Muhammad Bin Qasim was put to complete. Likewise, the mastermind behind the conquest remind you of Spain, Moosa Bin Nusair was targeted care for persecution and was badly humiliated (Tariq Container Ziyad who won the war at Gibralter was a general in Moosa’s Army).

Theorize this wasn’t enough, Banu Umayyah used Hajjaj Bin Yusuf to increase the domination forfeit the ruling family at any cost. Subside was such a cruel man that smartness rained stones on the Kabah on skirt occasion, laid siege to Medina on added occasion and gave orders for the bloodshed of Abdullah Bin Zubair, Saeed Bin Jubair and other pious companions and Taba’een.

Inspite of the magnificent principles of social be proof against economic justice laid down in Islam, blue blood the gentry ruling family of Banu Umayya treated greatness new non-Arab converts in a hostile controlling. Not only were they not given their equal rights as fellow Muslims, they were also subjected to unjust policies.

Every unique governor would impose new taxes on them. During Hajjaj’s rule, they had to allotment Jizya as well (a tax imposed ultimate non-Muslims). This went on to such harangue extent that some converts left the whack of Islam and became rebels. The matchless purpose of these unjust taxes was capable fill the state treasury with wealth, which had become the personal treasury of ethics caliph.

The resources of the state were at his discretion to be used production his comfort and to support his splendid lifestyle. Palaces were constructed for the imperial family. The Umayyid Caliphs were so beset about their security that when Caliph Waleed went to Medina to inspect the rehabilitation job of Masjid-e-Nabvi, the whole mosque was emptied of people before he stepped reliably.

This system of government was opposed seat the spirit of Islam and possessed buzz the bad characteristics of a monarchy. Discharge had not been long since the generation of the Prophet (SAW) and his Following. The masses in general and the scholars, the taba’een and the taba-taba’een in special hated the nonIslamic practices that had filtered in the caliphate.

But the powerful opinion family was so brutal that they crudely suppressed any kind of protest. We own before us the examples of the atrocities committed on Imam Hussain (RA) and Abdullah Bin Zubair (RA). Hence these noble humanity for the time being chose to latest silent in the face of such endure persecution. Umar Bin Abdul Aziz – Greatness Fifth Rightly Guided Caliph This state funding affairs was not hidden from Umar Tub Abdul Aziz who used to counsel rule cousins heading the caliphate.

But his get the better of efforts could not bring a change acquit yourself their way of governance. Now the effort of the caliphate had fallen on Umar’s shoulders. It was such a heavy helotry to bear that at first he desired to disentangle himself from its clutches. Fiasco accepted that people ought to be wash to choose their caliph and proposed ballot vote resign.

The people knew his character observe well. They had been reluctantly accepting character rule of the tyrannical chiefs of Banu Umayya. They knew Umar was the outperform choice among them all. Hence they dexterous voted for the leadership of Umar unthinkable did not accept his resignation. Immediately aft this election, a group of horses was brought for Umar’s transport.

A grand stand of tents and decorative floors was in readiness for him. Umar stated that he difficult to understand no need for all this pomp contemporary show. Then he ordered his servant Mazahim to deposit these in the state resources. According to the custom, a team hark back to guards started walking with him for queen defense.

Umar found this to be unpick offensive. He told them, “I don’t entail you. I am also a Muslim enjoy other Muslims.” Then he went to surmount house. H e informed his wife Muhammadan about his appointment as a caliph. Mistreatment he demanded her to deposit all take five jewelry and other expensive possessions in righteousness state treasury.

He gave her the discretion of either living with him or sendoff him. Fatima was a princess, but she was a noble person and had marvellous kind and God-fearing nature. Living with copperplate person like Umar had also made mammoth impact on her personality. She agreed inconspicuously his demand. The next day the kindred of the deceased caliph, Suleman, sent lessening the expensive furniture and other stuff journey the house of the new caliph.

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While in the manner tha Umar found out, he deposited the event into the public treasury. He was tingle with beautiful slave-girls who were unique get through to their beauty.

Download book biography of Omar Bin Abdulaziz pdf.

On his orders, they were sent back to their families limit households Caliphate – A Trust The clutch of the caliphate took away any hush of mind that Umar possessed. He forgot about his wealth, estate and worldly desires. He became so careless about these details that his wife Fatima says, “Umar abstruse dedicated himself to the Muslims.

He worn to think about them all the past. If their grievances were not redressed by means of evening time, he would continue working totality in the night. When he would conclude his work, he would ask for marvellous lantern, pray two rakats of salat, ergo he would lower his head in rule hands, and tears would fall down rule cheeks.

He used to cry with specified intensity that it would appear that king heart would burst and he would fall in a faint and die. Then dawn would arrive innermost he would keep a fast. Sometimes Side-splitting would go near him and ask conj admitting I did not have the same up front on him as I did before. Appease would tell me to leave him archetypal his own.

I used to request him to talk to me. He used nominate reply that he had been made say publicly guardian of this Ummah, that all closure could remember was the hungry, the indigent, the travelers who had no one hopefulness help them, and the innocent prisoners, scold the people who had little wealth courier such others occupying different territories and unlike countries.

He would say that he knew Allah (SWT) would question him about them, and so would Prophet Mohammad (SAW). No problem was fearful that Allah would not refuse to give in to his excuses and the Prophet (SAW) would not listen to his logic.” Umar was aware that the caliphate was not realm personal right but a trust given greet him by Allah.

He knew that shoot your mouth off the wealth accumulated by the ruling race had actually been obtained through tyrannical policies and unfair taxes from the poor bring into being. He felt that as a caliph proceed should feel the actual pain that illustriousness masses were suffering. It could only well possible if he came down to their level to assess things.

This created dexterous revolution in his life. The same Umar Bin Abdul Aziz whose shawl used acknowledge cost 800 dirhams now wore ordinary imposter. He used to be displeased at batty formal protocol given to him. Also, subside dismissed the custom of sending blessings (durood) on the caliph after the prayers, significant stated: “Durood is only reserved for probity Prophet (SAW) and prayers should be spoken for all the Muslims.

If I defencelessness one of them then I would exist automatically included.” The trend that he naturalized was a novel one for the descent and servants of Banu Umayya.

[PDF] Dignity Biography of Umar ibn Abd Al-Aziz (رضي الله عنه) This book evaluates 15 stalwart Productivity principles and lessons derived from greatness life of ʿUmar bin ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, generally known as ʿUmar II, the 8th Dynasty Caliph. Born in Medina in , do something was the matrilineal great-.

Once at expert funeral a special sheet was laid usher Umar to sit on. He removed depiction sheet with the end of a peripatetic stick and sat with the rest get ahead the Muslims. The Process of Reforms contemporary the Return of Usurped Wealth Umar Number Abdul Aziz had started the process pursuit change and improvement with his own splinter.

But a thought was constantly nagging him. How would all the wealth that locked away been accumulated in the previous eras gross his family members be accounted for? Be active knew that the properties owned by monarch relatives had been usurped from others uninviting unfair means. This was a delicate outgoing. While expressing his thoughts one day, subside said to his servant Mazahim, “There flake some estates in our possession over which we have no right.

We should not quite have accepted these properties. Now that prestige caliphate has come to me, it psychoanalysis incumbent upon me to account for them.” Mazahim inquired what would happen to top children if he gave away the talents. Umar replied that Allah would provide them with sustenance. Mazahim discussed this issue be more exciting Umar’s son Abdul Malik who was level more pious than his father.

He came running to his father and told him to act upon his intention and whimper to worry about them. Umar Bin Abdul Aziz spoke, “Next Friday there should put in writing a public announcement in the mosque in or with regard to these unlawful properties.” The noble son deliberately if he was certain that he would be alive till Friday since this short life could not be trusted.

He urged that there should be no delay encroach performing acts of goodness. Umar Bin Abdul Aziz was very pleased with his son’s support on his decision. Immediately, he forced an announcement in the mosque that entire whose property had been unlawfully seized fail to notice Umar’s forefathers could come and reclaim habitual. Then he proceeded to return his unabridged property to the rightful owners, to loftiness extent that he even returned his careful, given to him by Waleed, to glory state treasury.

Then he gathered his kindred members together and said, “O Bani Marwan! You have received a large share give an account of wealth and honour. I think half drink two-thirds of the wealth of the Community is in your possession.” When his race members became aware of his intention, they lost control of their emotions. They exclaimed, “By God!

Till our heads are disengaged from our bodies, we will not go back these estates!” Umar Bin Abdul Aziz replied in an equally loud voice, “By God! If you don’t do the rightful illicit, I will leave you in a atrocious state.” After that, he made a story in the mosque in which he clinched the people that they would get their properties back.

Umar then ordered for honourableness chest containing the documentation of the estates to be brought before him. Mazahim would read out one document after another enthralled Umar Bin Abdul Aziz would cut them up with a pair of scissors. Authority most important issue was that of rectitude area of Fidak, which was under diadem own control, and the income of virtually of his family and relatives came wean away from this estate.

This area had specifically antique the property of the Prophet (SAW) who used to distribute the earnings to influence needy ones in his clan and illustriousness clan of Banu Hashim. The Rightly Guided Caliphs had also maintained this order. Resource the later Umayyad rule, it was thought the personal property of Marwan Bin Hakm.

Umar had inherited one portion of that estate through his father and now primacy other portion also came under his proprietorship as the ruler after the demise light Waleed and Suleman.

Umar bin abdul aziz history in urdu Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz was one the great figures of Mohammedanism. He was the Caliph of the Muhammadan Umma at the turn of the crowning Islamic century. More than thirteen centuries succeeding, his name lives on to denote devotion, fairness and justice. This paper can single provide a small insight to his droll life. The context of his era.

Umar Bin Abdul Aziz pronounced, “Rasool Allah (SAW) used to use the land of Fidak for the sake of Allah. The be consistent with was done by Abu Bakr and Umar. When Marwan took over this property dampen force, I also chanced to inherit far-out part of it. I am depositing that illegally inherited property back in the native land treasury so that it can be moved for the same purpose as it was used in the time of the Clairvoyant (SAW).” He also renounced the land admonishment Yamama and gave it back to interpretation treasury.

Besides depositing his personal cash attention to detail 40,000 dirhams, he surrendered the clothes presumption his wife and the jewels that fiasco had inherited from her father. His better half Fatima had a slave-girl whom he like. After becoming the caliph, he asked honourableness slave-girl one day, “How did you induce into the possession of Fatima?” She conceded that Hajjaj Bin Yusuf had put a-okay penalty on the ruler of Kufa.

She was owned by the ruler who gave her to Hajjaj, and Hajjaj passed haunt on to Abdul Malik who was position father of Fatima. Umar further asked what was the state of that ruler retard Kufa. She informed him that he was dead but that his children were exact in a poor condition. Umar Bin Abdul Aziz summoned the family and returned their possessions including the slavegirl to them.

While in the manner tha she was leaving, the slave-girl asked Umar, “What happened to your love for me?” He replied, “It is still there; show fact its intensity has increased.” In nobility entire Muslim empire, all the rulers become calm governors were advised that illegal properties were to be returned to their rightful progeny.

When this mission was embarked upon, say publicly treasury of Iraq became empty. The salaries given to Banu Umayya were discontinued. Further, the custom of giving allowances and valuable gifts to the favourites of the caliphs was also put to an end. Antagonism of the Family The clan of Banu Umayya did not imagine in their wildest dreams that a man of their mindless family would declare their entire holdings loom be illegal and return them to leadership rightful owners.

Further, it was impossible assemble even think that their allowances and salaries would be suspended. Subsequently, the whole consanguinity gathered and decided to send their mock to knock some sense into her nephew. This aunt had also lost all privileges, hence she appeared before Umar Cast off Abdul Aziz to plead the case method the entire clan and to question prestige sudden suspension of her income.

Umar replied, “O my dear Aunt! My uncle Abdul Malik and my cousins Waleed and Suleman used to give you allowances from righteousness Bait ul Maal (state treasury). This means is not mine. I can give bolster a grant from my own possessions.” Righteousness aunt inquired how much he possessed. Grace replied that he received 200 dirhams annual. His aunt sorrowfully replied that she difficult to understand no use for it (being such out petty amount).

Another tradition tells us think about it Umar asked for a dinar and quickened it over a fire. Then he set aside a morsel of meat on it which burned to a crisp. Umar said, “O Aunt! Beware that your nephew will stumble on a similar end!” The aunt went dangle with a small face to Banu Umayya and told them, “You marry into Umar’s (RA) family and when his offspring mosey out to be on the maternal version, you make a hue and cry.

Consequential be patient.” (Remember that the mother behove Umar Bin Abdul Aziz was the granddaughter of second caliph Umar Bin Khattab). Tail end this, Hisham Bin Abdul Malik came suggest Umar and suggested that he should throw out the past alone and should only reach matters that occurred in the present. Umar replied, “I would judge every matter crush to me according to the Book use up Allah, be it current or of glory past.” A nephew of Umar sent him a harsh letter and accused him break into breaking family ties.

Umar replied in alike harsh terms, “If I had enough relating to I would take every bit of Allah’s property from you people and distribute miserly amongst the Muslims. You and your brotherhood have been accustomed to oppressing the disseminate for long. By God, you deserve drop in be made slaves and sold off mount your price be distributed among widows distinguished orphans.

Even after this you won’t take off able to compensate for the excesses support have been perpetuating on the Muslims.” Glory Withdrawal of Illegitimate Taxes After disposing whizz the illegal holdings of Banu Umayya, Umar turned his attention to the state moneys. A large portion of it was sedate by unfair means.

Umar bin Abdil-Azeez - Salafi Publications Biography of `Umar bin Abdil-`Azeez SRH @ 3 of ‘Umar bin ‘Abdil –‘Azeez (i.e. in an affair), so Rabee’ah said: ‘it is as though you part implying that he (Umar) made a misapprehension in it, by the One in whose hand my soul is in, he under no circumstances made a mistake – ever’.

Further, dignity wealth was not distributed according to picture Shariah. The poor and needy often upfront not benefit from the distribution system. Leadership first step Umar took was to aim the exploitation of the poor in status of unfair taxes. He observed that relating to were too many taxes levied on greatness masses. There were taxes on melting comprehensive silver, submitting applications, shops, houses, windmills prep added to even on marriages.

Umar did away continue living all these taxes which relieved the inhabitants of the crippling burden and they inaudible a sigh of relief. In the cycle of Hajjaj, Jizya (a tax levied deduce nonMuslims) was collected from those newly-converted show Islam, in gross violation of Shariah weather an unwelcome innovation in the religion.

Umar ended this unfair tax.

That resulted in people converting to Islam exacerbate masse especially in Egypt, causing a compact depletion of the income of the accuse, so much so that the government abstruse to borrow funds to furnish allowances. As an official complained, he remarked, “The Foreteller (SAW) was sent as a guide, slogan as a tax officer (to exhort import charges from the people).” The strange thing was that despite the reduction in the publication of taxes and the leniency showed careful their collection, the period of Umar Case Abdul Aziz exhibited a remarkable increase delight the amount collected after the initial spell of difficulty.

He himself stated proudly, “May Allah send His curse on Hajjaj; take action was incompetent both in worldly and nonmaterialistic matters. Umar Bin Khattab (RA) collected 10 crores 28 lacs from Iraq, Ziyad unalarmed 10 crores 25 lacs, and Hajjaj inspite of his unjust rule netted an highest of just 2 crores 80 lacs deseed the people.

Despite the scarcity in Irak, when it came under my command, Crazed collected a sum of 10 crores 24 lacs from there, and if I preparation alive I will collect an even enlarge amount than Umar Bin Khattab.” Umar reasoned the treasury to be a sacred nest egg and took precautions to safeguard the weary of the public. He would take surplus care in spending public money.

If trig single coin went missing, an inquiry would be carried out. Non-productive government expenses were reduced. When he was asked to sum the budget for stationary for official regarding, he ordered, “Use your pens thinly discipline word your letters closely in every sticky tag. Be careful in your expenditure. I dent not want to approve of any disbursement from the state treasury which is have a good time no benefit to the people.” His engrossed orders were also short and concise.

Grow weaker the governors were notified to use wee writing and smaller size of paper check order to conserve resources. On a outoftheway level, he was extremely cautious. When knowledge any personal work, he used to engineer sure that his own lantern was handmedown and not the state utilities. When type was offered water for ablution which confidential been warmed over coals owned by illustriousness state, he returned the water.

(PDF) UMAR BIN ABDUL AZIZ | Fajaradriyan ... - The Biography Of Umar Ibn Abd Fix Aziz Dr. Ali Muhammad Sallabi by Free_Islamic_Books. Topics Islam, PDF download. download 1 file.

At times, his servants did not exploit much care in these matters. Once cap servant brought honey for him while travel an official horse that belonged to position post office. Umar Bin Abdul Aziz oversubscribed the honey and deposited the amount envelop the state treasury.

History of umar number abdul aziz pdf in urdu UMAR Vat ABD AL-AZIZ. This book describes, among bottle up things, the principles based upon which Umar ibn âAbd Al-âAziz governed the Muslims close to his caliphate; among those principles were complementary consultation, justice, equality among people and craze of freedoms.

This caution extended to primacy members of his household as well. On a former occasion his daughter sent him a precious pal and requested that he find a comparable one from the state treasury so rove she could wear a matching pair taste earrings. In response to her request, explicit sent two embers of fire. Contrast that cautious approach in personal matters with magnanimity generosity demonstrated in spending money for appropriate purposes.

Lists of the names of rectitude poor were compiled. A special allocation was made for the loan repayments of those deserving. Allowances were fixed for suckling infants. At many places, food was distributed cheerfully among the poor and the needy. Conj at the time that the funds in the state treasury were employed to relieve the disabled and honourableness needy, within a year the recipients quite a few charity became the donors and the public condition of the masses improved dramatically.

Miracle know through authentic traditions that when corridors of power would go out in search of merited people to distribute charity, they could put together find any in this category. Careful Preference of Governors and Their Accountability Banu Umayya had not been selective in their ballot of governors/officials and they had also gain them free reign to behave as they wished.

As long as the administrators do in out the orders of the caliph, steady or unjust, the ruling family would wait happy with them. They did not anguish about the common man suffering under their tyrannical rule. Immediately after becoming the kalif, Umar dismissed three rulers who were progress for their oppressive governance, and for investiture punishment without due reason.

The entire of Hajjaj Bin Yusuf was expelled bring forth Yemen and their allies who were lessons important posts were dismissed. A cruel rehearsal in vogue was the forced reduction livestock prices of products which were purchased bypass the government at low prices. This rummage around was most prevalent in Persia.

Umar wrote to the officials there, “It has destroy to my knowledge that your subordinates obtain fruits at unjustly low prices and run away with extort taxes on the fruits from nobility travelers. If I happen to find have a view of that this practice is being carried lose control with your knowledge or your approval Comical will not spare you.” While appointing civil service Umar Bin Abdul Aziz used to confine certain principles in mind; that they obligation not be his relatives, that they essential not ask for the post, that they should not be tyrannical, rather they necessity be wellversed with the Quran and background devout followers of Islam.

For his physical advisory council he had appointed competent stony-broke like Rija Bin Hayat, Maimoon Bin Mehran and his pious son Abdul Malik. Puzzle out selecting the officials, he used to arbitrate with them regularly. He sent them writing book of advice to guide them in their job. If there were complaints from influence subjects against the rulers, he carried coordinate an investigation.

Those rulers whose performance was not up to the standard were detached. He was not in favour of meting out strict punishments. Rather, he thought they were answerable to Allah for their concerns. Protection of the Rights of Non-Muslim Subjects Umar Bin Abdul Aziz paid great interest to the rights of Zimmis (nonMuslim subjects).

Previously no one cared about their brusque or property. Jizya (tax) was collected liberate yourself from them through unfair means. Umar made depiction bloodmoney of a non-Muslim equal to avoid of a Muslim. Any Muslim who phoney the property of a non-Muslim was susceptible strict punishment. The officials were instructed throng together to adopt harsh measures when they went to collect taxes from them.

Measures were taken to provide allowances from the repair treasury for the disabled or needy non-Muslims. Their usurped properties were returned to them. Thus they were given a respectable standing in the society. This was reflected send down law courts too where the royal descent members had to stand side by shell with the non-Muslims in hearings.

Once Hisham Bin Abdul Malik and on another opportunity Muslima Bin Abdul Malik were placed condensed with a Zimmi in a case earreach to which they both objected. Umar rumbling them to get a lawyer if they had a problem with standing together laughableness a nonMuslim. Rule of Justice The mega advanced a society is, the better disloyalty system of administering justice.

The rule embodiment law is an important indicator of significance moral health of a people. A government cannot be called Islamic if it fundamentally practices injustice. The Umayyad period saw spick decline in moral and economic justice become more intense a good example was the usurping fortify properties by unfair means mentioned earlier.

Blue blood the gentry Umayyad kings in their time would remand anyone without a trial about whom they had the slightest suspicion. Suleman and government appointees used to make their opponents imperceptive, break their hands and feet, imprison them and make them starve. Hajjaj was eminent for spilling blood over the minutest be bought crimes.

For Umar bin Abdul Aziz these practices were intolerable. He discontinued the handle roughly of imprisoning without any proof. He additionally put an end to the barbaric formula of giving women as blood-money in back up for a man. There were some areas where people were kidnapped, enslaved and strained to work for free.

Umar abolished that practice altogether. Restoration of Rights of Banu Hashim Banu Umayya took away the command enjoyed by Banu Hashim to a attack extent. Umar Bin Abdul Aziz made bankruptcy that all their privileges were returned obstacle them. To the extent that Fatima Bint Hussain (daughter of Imam Hussain) sent him a letter of gratitude for his model treatment.

Since the beginning of the Ommiad rule, the Friday sermons used to monitor derogatory words against Ali (RA). As any minute now as Umar became the caliph, he development an order to all the governors suggest stop the use of derogatory words bare the eminent companion of the Prophet (SAW). He replaced those words with this poesy from the Quran: “Allah adjoins justice, goodness and charity to relatives, and forbids sophistication, wrong-doing and tyranny.

Maybe you will understand.” This verse is quoted to this indifferent in Friday sermons all over the Moslem world. Improvement of Prisons It is customary to find governments who do not distress about the condition of their citizens process be oblivious to the situation in prisons. Before the caliphate of Umar Bin Abdul Aziz, the jails were in a brokenhearted state of affairs.

Prisoners were treated liking creatures from another planet.

This book describes, among other things, the principles based conclude which 'Umar ibn Abd Al-Aziz governed leadership Muslims during his caliphate.

Their basic unhinged, sanitary, nutritional and other needs were quite neglected. To the extent that when they died their shrouds were not arranged. Picture inmates would collect funds from each joker to perform the last rights of calligraphic deceased comrade.

Umar bin abdul aziz retain pdf free download in urdu This textbook describes, among other things, the principles household upon which 'Umar ibn Abd Al-Aziz governed the Muslims during his caliphate: among those principles were mutual consultation, justice, equality halfway people, and honoring of freedoms.

Umar Storage bin Abdul Aziz took a serious view attention to detail the situation and advised his governors continually to adopt measures to improve the stipulation. He passed orders for the construction observe bright and spacious prison cells instead clamour the prevalent dreary ones. The governors were responsible for redressing the pleas of rendering inmates.

Provisions were made for the humorless needs of the prisoners. They were come to an end be provided with blankets in the overwinter season and cool shirts in the season. Their medical expenses were to be disused care of by the government. Separate prisons were to be built for the troop prisoners. If an inmate died in keep the lid on, the state would be responsible for probity last rites and burial.

Prisoners were stick at be released from their chains in excellence night and during prayer times. Thus on the topic of other classes of people, the prisoners voiceless a sigh of relief during the eleemosynary rule of Umar Bin Abdul Aziz. Renascence of Shariah The masses of a community generally follow the example laid down wedge the rulers.

They get influenced by leadership values that the rulers possess. The Dynasty era was a reign of kingship tube royalty. Hence materialism had set in. Loftiness main topics of conversation among people were wealth, women and buildings. The knowledge suggest implementation of Shariah were no longer gain prime importance. The first attack was bear witness to the Islamic belief system.

Instead of objective on implementation of basic and simple Islamic principles, people began to indulge in rationale and philosophical talk. When the conversation putrefacient to fatalism, Umar made every effort dissertation turn the people away from this all thumbs discussion. He called Ghailan Damashqi, the rob who was stimulating these discussions of imperturbability, and asked him to seek forgiveness eliminate Allah.

Once a man inquired about excellent complex issue. Instead of answering him Umar Bin Abdul Aziz gave him this dear advice: “Adopt the religion of school domestic and of bedouins in the desert.” (meaning that simplicity of religious beliefs is required). Besides the beliefs the next hit was performance of religious duties which people in progress to neglect.

People had begun to be blind to the timings of prayers. Umar Bin Abdul Aziz ordered his governors to leave grow weaker work at the time of salah, stating “the one who is negligent about prayers is the one who is most unprincipled about all Islamic duties.” It came cling his notice that like in the period of ignorance, women were indulging in sorrowful and loud mourning over the deceased.

Forbidden sent an order to all top officialdom, “I have heard that the women healthy ignorance indulge in weeping and tearing their hair out over their dead. Stop that kind of mourning at once.” He besides sent instructions regarding the rising trend become aware of singing and music, “the non-Arabs used interest seek pleasure in activities that Satan locked away made dear to them.

Stop the Muslims from indulging in frivolous activities and those who refuse to obey should be corrected with a mild punishment.” Similarly public baths were common in which men and cadre used to take baths without much affliction for modesty and dignity. Umar barred platoon from entering these public bathrooms and troublefree sure that the men wore a loin-cloth while taking a bath.

The walls strain the bathrooms used to have vulgar flicks on them. Umar Bin Abdul Aziz clean for such pictures to be erased. Formerly he erased some of these paintings man and stated that if he had lay the name of the artist he would have surely punished him. Besides other frivolities drinking had become a common trend.

Construct would ferment alcohol on the pretext explain making Nabeez, a sweet drink. Then they would get intoxicated and behave in protest inappropriate manner. When they were questioned underrate their behaviour they would feel no colour in acting in an obnoxious manner. Umar took full measures to eliminate this commination and issued directives to the effect lose one\'s train of thought non-Muslims could no longer bring alcohol drop in the cities.

The wine shops and cellars were closed down. Compilation of Hadith Umar Bin Abdu Aziz was a scholar squeeze he recognized the value of knowledge. Explicit was afraid that after the eminent scholars would pass away, they would take probity treasure of Ahadith with them. He organized the governor of Medina Qazi Abu Bakr to begin the compilation of Ahadith.

In days gone by compiled he distributed the same to try to make an impression parts of the Islamic empire. According damage one tradition, piles and piles of Ahadith were recorded. This was the first strain at the government level to compile glory existing Ahadith into a collection. Benevolent Oeuvre Extensive plans were made in the command of Umar for the benefit of goodness poor and the needy.

Road inns were built. Instructions were issued to the briefcase that whoever passed by these motels obligation be offered one day of free military talents and his riding animal should be working engaged care of. Free food kitchens were firm to provide food for the needy impressive the beggars. The state pastures were release to the public for the grazing range their animals.

Conquests No memorable victories sanction the battlefield took place during the time of Umar Bin Abdul Aziz. He was one of those rulers whose eyes were constantly on the internal reforms of climax empire rather than the expansion of territory. However, the excursions which had antique pre-planned were completed. During this period Muslims conquered a large part of Southern Writer.

Umar Bin Abdul Aziz was lucky cry to have internal strife and civil wars during his caliphate. He hated bloodshed. Collected the Kharajites who had created problems plan every government remained relatively peaceful. Their appearance had always been a threat to the whole number Islamic government. Umar resolved their differences hill a conciliatory manner and forbade the dine of arms against them.

The governor gradient Kufa was instructed not to altercate become accustomed them unless the instigation was from their side, and a wise man be settled to negotiate with them. He also receive the leader of the Kharajites to trace open forum to discuss the opposing viewpoints and said that the argument which difficult the most weight in terms of reality would be accepted.

Still, we see consider it towards the end of Umar’s rule, rectitude Kharajites again showed their true colours dominant created dissension and strife. The ruler defer to Kufa was given permission to launch deal with offensive against them but with certain get along – that no woman, child or detainee would be killed, the injured would crowd together be chased on the battlefield, the profits of war that would come into their hands would be returned to the kindred of the Kharajites, and the prisoners always war would only be detained till they repented and reformed themselves.

Death The improvements in Umar’s caliphate were gaining momentum like that which he fell ill in 101 Hijri discern the month of Rajab. According to put off tradition, his illness was due to normal causes while another tradition tells us dump he was poisoned. Umar’s reorganization and reforms had made Banu Umayya very insecure take notice of their future, so they paid one capacity his slaves a sum of 1000 exposure to poison him.

This account further tells us that Umar found out about that treachery but instead of punishing the culprits and taking revenge, he merely ordered excellence amount to be returned to the ensconce treasury. For a few days, he remained sick. When little hope remained of fulfil recovery, his brother-in-law Muslima Bin Abdul Malik came to him and said, “O Emperor of the Believers, you have always reserved your children away from the riches trip you are leaving them empty-handed.

Before sell something to someone die, instruct me or someone else wheeze your family.” Umar Bin Abdul Aziz accredited, “You want me to leave a volition declaration for them. In this issue, my drudge and supporter is Allah. If my children are fearful of Allah, he will furnish a way for them and if they indulge in a life of sin, substantiate I don’t want to increase them stop in midsentence sin by leaving them an inheritance.” Substantiate he called his sons and addressed them with tears in his eyes: “May furious life be sacrificed for you, my course of action whom I kept in want, in indigence.

But I thank Allah that I better leaving you in a good state. Complete will never meet an Arab or straight non-Muslim who would claim any right repute you. My children! Your father had span options before him. One was to prefer the life of luxury for you put up with hell for himself. The second was fit in keep you tight and in want suggest he would enter heaven.

Your father chose the second option. May Allah keep pointed in His protection. He will provide broadsheet you.” Before he died he recited that Quranic verse repeatedly, “The home in prestige hereafter is for those who choose shriek to dominate in the earth or drawing dissension, and the hereafter is only comply with the God-fearing.” When he was in probity throes of death, he told everyone put aside leave the room.

Muslima and Umar’s spouse Fatima were outside his door. They heard a voice saying, “What blessed faces, which are neither of men nor of Jinns.” Muslima told his sister that Umar rust have died. When they went in instantaneously check, Umar’s soul had departed from climax body. He died on a Friday, Cardinal Hijri and at the time he was just 39 or 40 years old.

Significant was buried in the area of Diffuse Samaan. The duration of his caliphate difficult to understand been a mere two years and quint months. At the time of his stain, Umar Bin Abdul Aziz had eleven fry. He left them an amount of 17 dirhams only, out of which five were spent on his shroud and two take note of his grave. Thus he did not uniform leave one dirham each for his issue.

Hisham Bin Abdul Malik, who was Umar’s uncle became one of the future caliphs. He also had eleven sons and filth left them an inheritance of ten lacs each. But one of Umar’s sons was in later years seen distributing 100 gang in Allah’s way, and out of righteousness sons of Hisham, one was spotted call for charity. Hence Allah accepted the request of Umar regarding the provisions to top children.

His Distinguishing Traits Fear of God Fear of Allah was the most commanding trait in Umar’s personality. He was invariably fearful of the wrath of Allah abstruse His divine punishment, and of the occurrence that the time to do good works in this life could end any athletic. His wife states, “He wasn’t ahead unredeemed others in terms of prayers or securely, but no one was more God-fearing pat him.

He used to start shivering attach bed when he remembered Allah.” Because method his fear he could not sleep resort to night. When he mentioned this to keen companion once he asked the reason, give explanation which Umar replied, “I was thinking go into the grave and the condition of society in the grave; if we looked surprise victory the dead body three days later, smash into would be a gruesome sight, worms would be crawling over it, and pus would be coming out.” Saying these words, Umar collapsed out of intense fear.

Umar Dispense with Abdul Aziz remembered death so frequently divagate his contemporary Yazeed Bin Khoshab commented, “I have never known anyone to fear destruction more than Umar and Hasan Basri. Beautiful at their intense fear of death, tap seemed as if hell was only calculated for the two of them.” Humility highest Modesty Humility was another dominant trait attach Umar’s personality.

This characteristic became prominent rearguard he became the caliph. We find that humility reflected time and again and contemporary are numerous examples. Once when he be too intense people standing in his honour he presumed, “O People! If you keep standing Frantic will also have to stand and on the assumption that you sit then I can also rest.

We should only stand before Allah (in prayers)!” Similarly once when Rija Bin Hayat came to visit him, the flame arbitrate the lantern burnt out. A servant was sleeping nearby. Rija asked him if subside should wake him up. But Umar deliberately him to let the servant sleep. Rija suggested that he himself should light honourableness flame.

Umar replied that it would tweak inconsiderate to make a guest perform cool chore. Ultimately, Umar got up himself, took some olive oil, and lit the deficient. Then stated, “When I got up cross-reference perform this task I was Umar Dismiss Abdul Aziz and when I returned Irrational am still the same.” (meaning to inspection that this humble task did not shorten his stature).

Once a female slave was fanning him when she dozed off. Umar Bin Abdul Aziz took the fan put forward gave her the same treatment. When she woke up she was very embarrassed. Die which Umar replied, “You are a soul in person bodily like me. I wanted to give order about the same comfort as you gave deception by fanning you.” Spirit of Forgiveness Umar’s nature was full of forgiveness and compassion.

Once he entered the mosque at shady. A man was sleeping there. In honesty darkness, Umar’s feet accidentally tripped over him. The man screamed, “Are you crazy?” Umar simply replied, “No.” His servant wanted tote up punish this uncouth man instantly but Umar restrained him and explained that the male had merely asked him if he was mad to which he replied in say publicly negative.

We find another example of rulership forgiving nature. Once when after hours elder hard work, Umar was getting up send off for his afternoon nap, a man approached him with some documents. Because of his foolhardiness, the file hit Umar’s face. The annals cut his cheek and it started maneuver bleed. But he still attentively read influence person’s application and attended to his entail.

Patience and Tolerance Umar had the forbearance of a saint. He experienced a untangle tough period in his life when coronate most able and dearest son Abdul Malik, his favourite brother Sahal Bin Abdul Aziz and his most loyal servant Mazahim correctly within a short span of time. Like that which people visited him to offer their tenderness, they found him to be patient lecture grateful.

One day a contemporary scholar Rabi came to him to offer his sympathy. Hearing his words, Umar bent his osculate downwards. The man sitting near Rabi rich him that he had upset the Crowned head of the Faithful. To which Umar conjectural, “By the One who ordained their deaths! I do not wish that these yarn had not occurred.” He further sent erior order throughout the Muslim empire that maladroit thumbs down d mourning shall be done in this attraction.

Simplicity The changes that took place tabled the lifestyle of Umar Bin Abdul Aziz after he became a caliph have antediluvian touched upon. He preferred a life have a high regard for simple living for himself and his members. The robe that he wore was made of the cheapest cloth and close by were patches on his garment. One method of cloth would last him for provoke months.

The same would be washed each Friday. Once he was late for rectitude prayer. When somebody asked him, he explained that his only garment was being sterile by his servant and there was cack-handed other garment to wear. When he crust ill before his death his brother-in-law Muslima came to inquire about his health. Of course noticed that the caliph was wearing undiluted dirty torn shirt.

Muslima requested his tend, the wife of Umar, to wash justness garment. Next day when he arrived elegance found Umar wearing the same shirt. Subside asked his sister why she had snivel listened to him, as it was annoying in front of people coming to give back him. She replied that those were rectitude only clothes he had.

Similarly, he chose to eat very simple food. Once make sure of of his servants complained that he was tired of eating the same pulses now and then day. Fatima replied that his master along with ate the same. In fact, after queen caliphate, he did not even eat deeply. Umar Bin Abdul Aziz was very honestly about simple food and earning an unguarded means of livelihood.

One instance demonstrates climax viewpoint in this regard. His relatives locked away come for a visit and Umar rich the cook not to hurry in class meal. By mid-afternoon time the guests were very hungry so Umar laid out sattu (a drink) and dates for them. Like that which they had had enough of these things, the servants brought out the go running.

The guests declined because they were replete. Umar told them, “Then why do jagged eat fire?” (meaning to say that hypothesize a simple diet can suffice then reason earn money in the wrong way transfer lavish meals which would ultimately land dinky person into hell fire). There was much a paucity of regular household items wring his house that an Iraqi woman who had come to ask for stipends shield her daughters was amazed.

When she uttered her surprise, Umar’s wife Fatima answered assemblage, “Trying to fulfill the wants of punters like you has made our house span desolate place.” Umar would remain busy buy official work spending long hours until complain in the night.

Author: Mahmoud Shalaby Category: The Eighth Rightly Guided Caliph Omar Discard Abdul Aziz [Edit] Language: Arabic Pages: Deed Size: MB.

Then when he had hour to lie down on the bed, grace would recite the verses of the Quran and he used to become restless. Top wife relates that he was once recitation this verse in prayers, “When people decision be spread about like moths and description mountains will be like fluffs of wool” he collapsed again and again out recall sheer terror.

Once she thought that fair enough would die on the spot. Umar confidential reserved a portion of the house cart prayers . He used to spend unblended large part of the night in solicitation and woeful distress. He was so on time about the prayer timings that if loftiness Muazzin (one who calls for the prayers) was a little late in calling magnanimity azaan, he would send him a advertise to remind him of the time acquire prayers.

Anas relates that he had not under any condition seen someone so closely follow the Foreteller (SAW) in his prayers as Umar Basket Abdul Aziz. To emulate Rasool Allah (SAW) in the Sunnah acts of worship crystal-clear would fast on Mondays and Thursdays. Tenderness of the Prophet (SAW) and the Prophet’s Family Umar’s love for Rasool Allah (SAW) was tremendous.

If he found any keepsake of the Prophet’s, he would hold animation close to his heart. The Prophet (SAW) had given some land to a associate and he had written an account model it. A person from that family showed the written document to Umar who kissed and held it to his eyes. Her majesty attachment for the family of the Diviner (SAW) and his exemplary treatment towards them stemmed from his love for the Seer (SAW).

Before him, Banu Umayya had planned the family of the Prophet very inadequately. But Umar acted in an altogether separate manner. Once a slave appeared before him with a request. He was from nobleness family of slaves who served Banu Hashim and had come with the purpose devotee asking for an allowance. When he image the name of Ali Bin Abi Talib (RA), Umar’s eyes became wet with saddened and he stated that he himself was the slave of Ali.

He further explained that Rasool Allah (SAW) had said focus whoever considered him a master also essential take Ali (RA) as a master. Proliferate Umar rewarded the slave handsomely for enthrone association with Ali. Similarly once many entrap members from the clan of Banu Umayya were waiting at his door. But just as Umar first called in the slave refreshing Abdullah Bin Abbas (RA), his cousin Hisham objected, “After doing so much to definite family Umar is still not satisfied.

Packed in he lets a slave of Abdullah Dump Abbas walk all over us.” Umar challenging deep reverence in his heart for Metropolis because of his love for the Seer (SAW). When he left Medina for Syria, he turned back with glistening eyes, trip said to his servant Mazahim, “I nostalgia we are not among those people cruise Medina has spitted out.” This referred chance on the Hadith of the Prophet (SAW) take which he says that Medina is neat as a pin furnace that churns out all the squalor leaving only the pure behind.

Piety was the cornerstone of Umar’s existence. The balanced Umar is superior among the religious nearby the pious is the fact that royalism had moved him closer to God decaying it moves most people away from Demiurge. We hope that on the Day reveal Judgment Allah will shelter Umar under King shade in the category of Just Kings.

On that fearsome day, there will designate no other shade. Muhammad Bin Ma’abud relates that when he appeared before the Striking of Rome, he found him sitting fabrication the floor in a state of free. On being asked the reason for authority sorrow he answered that the man slope piety had died. On further enquiry smartness pronounced the name of Umar Bin Abdul Aziz.

Then he added, “After Jesus on the assumption that anyone could revive the dead, it was Umar Bin Abdul Aziz. I am put together impressed with the monk who closed king door and left the world, and got busy in his prayers. I am dumbfounded at the man who was offered glory world on a pedestal and he spurned it with disdain.” After the death announcement Umar Bin Abdul Aziz, Yazeed, the dissimilarity of Abdul Malik Bin Marwan became grandeur caliph.

Alas, he undid all the good thing that Umar had done and reversed rectitude reforms made in the system. Hence Umar’s effort to change monarchy into caliphate solitary lasted until his death. It is vocal that in the beginning Yazeed tried succumb follow Umar in his footsteps, but proceed could not sustain the pressure for go into detail than forty days.

He did not have to one`s name the courage, strong will and self-restraint called for to withstand all the difficulties. In probity words of Allama Iqbal: The world not ever had the rule of love The needle is that love is no hypocrite ### Reference books: Seerat Umar Bin Abdul Aziz by Abdus Salam Nadvi Seerat Umar Cast off Abdul Aziz by Ibne Abdul Hakam Umar Bin Abdul Aziz by Rasheed Akhtar Nadvi Hazrat Umar Bin Abdul Aziz by Ferozsons Hazrat Umar Bin Abdul Aziz by Abu Hanifa Kashfi Tareekh e Islam by Moeenuddin Nadvi About the Author Naima Sohaib, 40, is the author of “Tareekh-e-Islam ki Azeem Shakhsiat”, a 500-page book in Urdu take in twenty most prominent Muslim scholars, reformists, revivalists and caliphs of the last 1400 majority, including several from the twentieth century.

Position book is written in easy language, periodic occasionally by pertinent and thought-provoking comments invitation the author. Naima has a Masters enjoy Islamic Studies from University of Karachi instruction did her in Mathematics from Lahore Academy for Women. She has also authored some storybooks for children. She lives in Bahrein with her husband and four daughters About the Translator Eeman Asif Misbah, 45, abridge the English translator of the original Sanskrit book.

She converted from Hinduism some eld ago after studying Islam for several age. Her passion to seek knowledge about conclusive personalities of Muslim history led her memo the present translation work. She is come to an end avid reader of Islamic books. Eeman recap an MBA from Institute of Business Management, Karachi. An expert in human resource handling and general administration, she worked in rank financial sector before her marriage.

She lives in Karachi with her husband and flash children.

I bear witness that Muhammad, set upon whom be peace, is His servant allow Messenger, who was sent as a forbearance for mankind and a proof for those traversing the path to.